Medicine Informations

A 7-year-old child has had abdominal pain and dark urine for 10 days. Physical examination shows purpuric skin lesions on the trunk and extremities. Urinalysis shows hematuria and proteinuria. Serologic test results are negative for P-ANCAs and C-ANCAs. A skin biopsy specimen shows necrotizing vasculitis of small dermal vessels. A renal biopsy specimen shows immune complex deposition in glomeruli, with some IgA-rich immune complexes. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
□ (A) Giant cell arteritis
□ (B) Henoch-Schönlein purpura
□ (C) Polyarteritis nodosa
□ (D) Takayasu arteritis
□ (E) Telangiectasias
□ (F) Wegener granulomatosis

A 60-year-old woman has reported increasing fatigue over the past year. Laboratory studies show a serum creatinine level of 4.7 mg/dL and urea nitrogen level of 44 mg/dL. An abdominal ultrasound scan shows that her kidneys are symmetrically smaller than normal. The high-magnification microscopic appearance of the kidneys is shown in the figure.
These findings are most likely to indicate which of the following underlying conditions?
□ (A) Escherichia coli septicemia
□ (B) Systemic hypertension
□ (C) Adenocarcinoma of the colon
□ (D) Tertiary syphilis
□ (E) Polyarteritis nodosa

A 52-year-old woman presents to the primary care clinic with progressive weakness and muscle aches for the past month. She can still do her daily tasks but can notice a difference in her strength. When she lies down at night, her legs always ache. Her electrolytes
are significant for a K1 of 2.9 mEq/L. She was recently started on a diuretic for peripheral edema. She is pleased that she has not had peripheral edema since starting the diuretic. What is the most appropriate
diuretic to treat this patient?
(A) Acetazolamide
(B) Furosemide
(C) Hydrochlorothiazide
(D) Mannitol
(E) Spironolactone