Rhino Bitumen

Research conducted in the United States has shown that the passage of one vehicle every day on gravel roads creates 560 kg (per km) of dust every year. Accidents on such roads are also twice as often as paved roads. Due to the lack of financing for such roads, other methods are considered for dust palliation and traffic in bad weather conditions. Using bitumen emulsion is a practical and economical solution to this problem. Diluted bitumen emulsion is poured directly on the gravel road surface, a method also known as dust palliation or control.
Dust palliative CSS-1 or CSS-1h bitumen emulsion is mixed with water at a volumetric ratio of at least 1 to 5, and sprayed on the road surface at a rate of 0.45 to 2.25 l/m2. The amount of diluted mixture depends on surface conditions, since a minor permeation of bitumen in the road is necessary. Road surfaces that are permeable or have relatively large empty spaces will require more bitumen emulsion. Diluted bitumen emulsion is sprayed using the same method usually used for spreading bitumen solutions with the bituminous distributor
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Emulsion is defined as a heterogeneous system with at least one binding liquid and a second liquid spread in very small droplets that are often 1 to 10 µm in diameter. These systems have little stability and will settle with more stability by adding activators.
The dispersed liquid is the dispersed or internal phase, and the immersion liquid is the external phase.
Emulsifiers are materials that slow chemical reactions and stabilize the emulsion. They are widely used in the foodstuffs and industry, and are a large group of various mixtures with particular applications.
Adding emulsifier to two liquids that do not mix naturally decreases the surface tension between them and prevents phasing, resulting in the emulsion.
Emulsifiers are classified as anionic and nonionic, and their ionization potential depends on the electrochemical changes of the liquid phase. In ionic emulsions, the hydrophilic end is nonionic and is water-soluble without ionization.
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