Health knowledge

Common sexual transmission infection ( STI )

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🦠 COMMON STIs: DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT 💊🩺

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1️⃣ 🦠 CHLAMYDIA
👉 Often causes NO symptoms

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Burning during urination
• Vaginal or pe**le discharge
• Pelvic pain
• Testicular pain

🧪 Diagnosis:
• NAAT/PCR urine test
• Vaginal, cervical, urethral, re**al, or throat swab

💊 Treatment:
• Doxycycline is commonly first-line treatment
• Azithromycin may be used in some cases

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Sexual partners usually also need testing and treatment to help prevent reinfection

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2️⃣ 🔥 GONORRHEA
👉 Can infect the ge****ls, re**um, or throat

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Thick yellow/green discharge
• Burning urination
• Pelvic pain
• Re**al symptoms
• Sore throat in some cases

🧪 Diagnosis:
• NAAT/PCR testing
• Swabs from affected areas
• Culture sometimes used for antibiotic resistance testing

💊 Treatment:
• Ceftriaxone injection is current standard treatment
• Additional doxycycline may be added if chlamydia is not excluded

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Sexual partners should also be evaluated and treated when appropriate

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3️⃣ 🧬 MYCOPLASMA GENITALIUM
👉 A less well-known STI linked to urethritis and PID

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Burning urination
• Pelvic pain
• Abnormal discharge
• Persistent symptoms despite standard STI treatment

🧪 Diagnosis:
• Specialized NAAT/PCR testing

💊 Treatment:
• Treatment may include doxycycline followed by moxifloxacin depending on resistance patterns

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Current partners may also require evaluation and treatment depending on symptoms and testing

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4️⃣ 🌹 SYPHILIS
👉 A bacterial STI that progresses in stages if untreated

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Painless sore or ulcer
• Rash on palms/soles
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Neurologic or heart complications in late stages

🧪 Diagnosis:
• Blood tests such as RPR/VDRL and confirmatory treponemal tests

💊 Treatment:
• Penicillin injection is standard treatment

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Sexual partners often need evaluation and treatment depending on exposure

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5️⃣ 🌸 HPV (HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS)
👉 Very common STI linked to ge***al warts and certain cancers

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Often NO symptoms
• Ge***al warts
• Abnormal cervical screening results

🧪 Diagnosis:
• HPV testing
• Pap smear/cervical screening
• Visual exam for warts

💊 Treatment:
• No cure for the virus itself
• Warts may be treated with topical medications, freezing, or procedures
• HPV vaccination helps prevent many high-risk strains

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Routine partner treatment is not usually required, but vaccination and screening are important

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6️⃣ 🔥 HERPES (HSV)
👉 A lifelong viral STI caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Painful blisters or ulcers
• Burning or tingling sensation
• Recurrent outbreaks

🧪 Diagnosis:
• Swab/PCR testing from lesions
• Blood antibody testing in some cases

💊 Treatment:
• Antiviral medications such as acyclovir or valacyclovir help reduce outbreaks and transmission

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Partners may need testing, counseling, and preventive strategies

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7️⃣ 🦠 TRICHOMONIASIS
👉 A common parasitic STI caused by Trichomonas vaginalis

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Frothy or foul-smelling discharge
• Vaginal itching or irritation
• Burning urination
• Many men may have no symptoms

🧪 Diagnosis:
• NAAT/PCR testing
• Microscopic examination in some cases

💊 Treatment:
• Metronidazole or tinidazole are commonly used treatments

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Sexual partners should also be treated to help prevent reinfection

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8️⃣ 🛡️ HIV (HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS)
👉 HIV attacks the immune system and may increase risk of serious infections if untreated

🤒 Possible Symptoms:
• Flu-like illness early after infection
• Weight loss
• Recurrent infections
• Some people may have NO symptoms for years

🧪 Diagnosis:
• HIV antigen/antibody blood testing
• Viral load testing

💊 Treatment:
• Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps control the virus and allows many people to live long healthy lives
• Early treatment greatly reduces transmission risk

🤝 Partner Treatment:
• Partners may need testing, preventive medication (PrEP/PEP), and counseling

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⚠️ IMPORTANT:
• Many STIs cause NO symptoms
• Untreated infections may increase infertility risk
• Early testing and treatment help prevent complications
• Condom use and routine screening help reduce transmission

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