Tech Sethia

Components Of A Load Bearing Structure

1. Coping

A protective top layer provided on parapet walls to prevent water seepage.

2. Parapet Wall

A small wall on the roof edge for safety and protection from wind and rain.

3. Chajja

A small slab projection above windows/doors to protect from rain and sun.

4. RCC Lintel

A reinforced concrete beam placed above openings (doors/windows) to carry the load of masonry above it.

5. Sill Level

The bottom horizontal portion of a window opening.

6. Plinth Level

The level between ground and floor, preventing moisture and providing elevation to the building.

7. DPC (Damp-Proof Course)

A horizontal barrier layer preventing moisture from rising into the walls from the ground.

8. GL (Ground Level)

Natural ground surface around the building.

9. PCC Bed

Plain cement concrete layer provided as a base for masonry work and flooring.

10. Footing Stonework

Stone masonry or concrete footing that transfers the load from walls to the ground.

11. Gravel Fill

A layer placed for leveling and reducing capillary rise of water under floors.

12. Floor Finish

The final smooth surface (tiles, marble, etc.) on which people walk.

13. Sliding Window

A type of window that slides horizontally for ventilation/light.

14. RCC Slab

The structural roof slab is made of reinforced concrete.

15. Weathering Course

A protective top layer on the roof to resist heat and water pe*******on.

Related Hashtag:

🧱 5 Construction Failures Every Engineer Must Learn From — Before the Site Teaches You the Hard Way

Construction never fails suddenly —
It fails slowly, one ignored detail at a time.

Here are 5 real site failures that happen more often than we admit, and what IS Codes say about preventing them 👇

1️⃣ Honeycombing in Columns & Beams

Cause: Poor compaction + low workability
IS Reference: IS 456:2000 – Clause 13.3
Prevention:
✔ Adequate vibration
✔ Correct slump
✔ Proper shuttering tightness

2️⃣ Cracks Due to Improper Joint Placement

Cause: Wrong spacing of contraction joints
IS Reference: IS 11817
Prevention:
✔ Provide saw-cut joints at correct intervals
✔ Control shrinkage early

3️⃣ Weak Concrete Surface (Dusting)

Cause: High water–cement ratio + late finishing
IS Reference: IS 10262
Prevention:
✔ Maintain W/C ratio
✔ Proper curing duration

4️⃣ Settlement Cracks in Masonry Walls

Cause: Differential settlement of foundation
IS Reference: IS 1905
Prevention:
✔ Uniform soil compaction
✔ Proper footing design

5️⃣ Reinforcement Exposure / Spalling

Cause: Insufficient cover & corrosion
IS Reference: IS 456 – Table 16
Prevention:
✔ Maintain cover blocks
✔ Use correct concrete grade

🌟 Why this matters

Every failure tells a story.
The question is — are we paying attention?

💬 Which construction failure have YOU seen the most on site?

Drop it below — let’s help young engineers learn faster.

Mohammad Umar
Maroof Khan
Mohammad Haider
Mohd Huzaifa Akhtar





















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(Building Information Modeling)