Ms/ Dunya Issam

مراجعه على Grammar grade 6 الترم التاني🤍
Follow for more ✅

مراجعه على Grammar grade 3 الترم التاني 🤍
Follow for more ✅

🌟 يعني إيه Reported Speech ؟ و مقرر على الصف السادس الابتدائي منهج connect plus

الـ Reported Speech يعني إننا بننقل كلام شخص قاله من غير ما نكرر كلامه .

🗣️ نوعين للكلام:

1️⃣ Direct Speech

الكلام المباشر بين " "

✅ مثال:
Mona said, "I am happy."

---

2️⃣ Reported Speech

بنحكي الكلام بأسلوبنا ( بننقل الكلام بمعنى اصح على لساننا احنا )

✅ مثال:
Mona said that she was happy.

---

🎀 خطوات تحويل الجملة

أولًا: نحذف علامات التنصيص " "

ثانيًا: نضيف كلمة that

(ممكن تتكتب أو لا)

ثالثًا: نغير الضمائر حسب الجملة

Direct Reported

I▶️ he / she
my▶️ his / her
we ▶️they
our ▶️their

---

⏳ تغيير الأزمنة (Tenses)

لو فعل القول في الماضي مثل: said / told

لازم الزمن يرجع خطوة للماضي 👇

Direct Speech Reported Speech

present simple ▶️past simple
present continuous▶️ past continuous
present perfect▶️ past perfect
past simple ▶️past perfect
will ▶️would
can ▶️could
may ▶️might

---

🧁 أمثلة سهلة

🌸 Present Simple → Past Simple

🗣️ Sara said,
"I play tennis."

✅ Sara said that she played tennis.

---

🌸 Present Continuous → Past Continuous

🗣️ Ali said,
"I am studying."

✅ Ali said that he was studying.

---

🌸 Will → Would

🗣️ Nour said,
"I will travel tomorrow."

✅ Nour said that she would travel the next day.

---

🕒 تغيير كلمات الزمان والمكان

Direct Reported

now ▶️then
today ▶️that day
tomorrow ▶️the next day
yesterday ▶️the day before
here▶️ there
tonight ▶️that night

---

🌟 Said ولا Told ؟

✅ Said

يجي بعدها الكلام مباشرة

🗣️ He said that he was tired.

---

✅ Told

لازم بعدها شخص

🗣️ He told me that he was tired.

---

❓ الأسئلة في Reported Speech

✨ Yes / No Questions

نستخدم: if / whether

🗣️ Direct:
"Are you happy?" she asked.

✅ Reported:
She asked if I was happy.

---

✨ WH Questions

نفس أداة السؤال تبقى موجودة

🗣️ "Where do you live?" he asked.

✅ He asked where I lived.

---

📌 الأوامر والنصائح

نستخدم: told / asked + to

🗣️ "Open the door," Dad said.

✅ Dad told me to open the door.

---

🗣️ "Don’t play here," Mom said.

✅ Mom told us not to play there.

---

🎯 ملحوظة مهمة

لو الكلام مازال حقيقة ثابتة
ممكن الزمن مايتغيرش 👇

🗣️ Teacher said,
"The sun rises in the east."

✅ Teacher said that the sun rises in the east.

☀️ لأنها حقيقة علمية.

---

🧠 ملخص سريع

✨ التحويل بيحتاج:

✔ حذف " "
✔ تغيير الضم

🖼️ COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE DEGREES

---

🟢 1. What are they? (يعني إيه؟)

📌 نستخدمهم للمقارنة بين الأشياء:

🔹 Comparative (المقارنة):
👉 نقارن بين اتنين

Ali is taller than Omar.

🔹 Superlative (التفضيل):
👉 نقارن بين أكتر من اتنين

Ali is the tallest in the class.

---

🟡 2. قواعد التكوين (Formation Rules)

🔹 أولًا: الصفات القصيرة (Short Adjectives)

👉 (كلمة واحدة غالبًا) و بنسبة كبيره حروفها أقل من ٦ حروف

الصفة Comparative Superlative

tall ▶️ taller than▶️ the tallest
fast ▶️ faster than ▶️ the fastest
small ▶️ smaller than ▶️ the smallest

📌 القاعدة:

Comparative ➜ نضيف -er + than

Superlative ➜ نضيف -est + the

---

🔹 صفات تنتهي بـ (e)

| nice | nicer than | the nicest | | large | larger than | the largest |

---

🔹 صفات تنتهي (CVC) → نضاعف الحرف الأخير

| big | bigger than | the biggest | | hot | hotter than | the hottest |

---

🔹 صفات طويلة (Long Adjectives)

👉 (كلمتين أو أكثر)

| beautiful | more beautiful than | the most beautiful | | expensive | more expensive than | the most expensive |

📌 القاعدة:

Comparative ➜ more + adjective + than

Superlative ➜ the most + adjective

---

🔴 3. الصفات الشاذة (Irregular Adjectives)

Positive Comparative Superlative

good ▶️better ▶️the best
bad ▶️worse ▶️the worst
far farther / further the farthest / the furthest
little less the least
much / many more the most

---

🔵 4. طريقة الاستخدام (How to use)

🔹 Comparative

📌 التركيب:
👉 Subject + be + adjective + than + object

✔ Example:

She is taller than her sister.

---

🔹 Superlative

📌 التركيب:
👉 Subject + be + the + adjective + (in / of)

✔ Examples:

She is the tallest in the class.

This is the best of all.

📌 نستخدم:

in مع الأماكن → in the class / in Egypt

of مع مجموعة → of all / of the students

---

🟣 5. حالات خاصة (Special Cases)

🔹 As … as (المساواة):

Ali is as tall as Omar.

🔹 Not as … as (عدم المساواة):

Ali is not as tall as Omar.

🔹 The same as:

This book is the same as that one.

🔹 Twice as … as:

This car is twice as expensive as that one.

🔹 Half as … as:

This bag is half as big as that one.

---

🟠 Examples:-

This car is faster than that one. 🚗

Mount Everest is the highest mountain. 🏔️

English is more interesting than Math. 📚

She is the most helpful student. 👩‍🎓

This test is easier than the last one. ✍️

---

⭐ 7. Useful Tips

✔ الصفات القصيرة ➜ er / est
✔ الصفات الطويلة ➜ more / most
✔ لازم نستخدم than في المقارنة
✔ لازم نستخدم the في التفضيل
✔ احفظ الصفات الشاذة كويس

---

❤️ Remember

✨ Comparative = مقارنة بين اتنين
✨ Superlative = مقارنة بين أكتر من اتنين

✨ COUNTABLE VS. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS ✨
الاسماء المعدودة و الغير معدودة

---

🟢 Part 1: Countable Nouns (الأسماء التي تُعد)

📌 Definition:
Things we can count using numbers and have singular and plural اشياء نقدر نعدها بالارقام و ليها مفرد و جمع

🔹 Singular:
👉 Use a / an
Example: a car 🚗 – an egg 🥚
A : with a word that begins with a consonant
نستخدم a مع كلمه تبدأ بصوت ساكن
A boy - a school - a doctor
ــــــــــــــــ
An: with a word that begins with a vowel sound
نستخدم an مع كلمه تبدأ بصوت متحرك
an egg - an hour - an engineer

🔹 Plural:
👉 Add -s / -es
Example: cars 🚗🚗 – eggs 🥚🥚

🔹 Question:
👉 How many...?
Example: How many students are in the class? 👩‍🎓👨‍🎓

---

🔴 Part 2: Uncountable Nouns (الأسماء التي لا تُعد)

📌 Definition:

Things we cannot count individually.
حاجات منقدرش تعدها بالعدد لكن نقدر نشوف الكمية

🚫 No a/an → ❌ a water
🚫 No plural → ❌ waters

🔹 Categories:

💧 Liquids: water – milk – juice السوائل
🌾 Grains: rice – sugar – salt. الحبوب
🍞 Food: bread – meat – cheese.
💡 Abstract: money – advice – information الاشياء المعنوية

🔹 Question:
👉 How much...?
Example: How much money do you have? 💰

---

🟡 Part 3: Quantifiers (أدوات الكمية)

✨ Some / Any / Many / Much / A lot of / A few / A little

🟢 Some:
✔ countable & uncountable (positive) في الجمل المثبتة و في سؤال العرض و الطلب
👉 I have some apples 🍎
Can I have some water, please?

🔴 Any:
✔ questions & negative في الجمل المنفية و السؤال الاستفهامي
👉 Do you have any milk? 🥛
I don't have any sugar

🔵 Many: الكثير
✔ countable مع الاسم المعدود
👉 many books 📚

🟣 Much: الكثير
✔ uncountable مع الاسم الغير معدود
👉 much water 💧

🟠 A lot of:
✔ both مع المعدود و غير المعدود
👉 a lot of students 👩‍🎓
A lot of salt

🟡 A few: قليل
✔ countable (small number) مع الاسم المعدود

🟤 A little: قليل
✔ uncountable (small amount) مع الاسم الغير معدود

---

🔵 Part 4: Partitives (How to count uncountable?)

📦 Use units:

🥤 a bottle of water
☕ a cup of coffee
🍞 a slice of bread
🍫 a bar of chocolate
🗣️ a piece of advice
🥩 a kilo of meat

---

⭐ Teacher’s Golden Notes

✨ Money = uncountable
✔ Pounds = countable

✨ Bread = uncountable
✔ slices = countable

✨ News = uncountable
👉 The news is good ✅

🎓 Ms. Dunya Issam

New Alamein city paragraph for grade 6🤍
للصف السادس الابتدائي ✨

🌟 USED TO 🌟 المقررة على الصف السادس الابتدائي

🔹 What does "used to" mean?
بنستخدمها عشان نتكلم عن:

✔️ أشياء كنا بنعملها في الماضي
✔️ أو حالات كانت موجودة زمان
❌ لكنها مش موجودة دلوقتي

📌 1. Form

🟢 Affirmative (جملة مثبتة):
Subject + used to + base verb

✅ Example:

I used to play football.
(كنت بلعب كورة)

She used to live in Cairo.
(كانت عايشة في القاهرة)

---

🔴 Negative (النفي):
Subject + didn’t use to + base verb

❗ Note: بنكتب use مش used

✅ Example:

I didn’t use to like milk.
(مكنتش بحب اللبن)

---

❓ Questions (السؤال):
Did + subject + use to + base verb?

✅ Example:

Did you use to play tennis?
(هل كنت بتلعب تنس؟)

---

💡 Short Answers (إجابات قصيرة):

Yes, I did.

No, I didn’t.

---

📌 2. When do we use it? (نستخدمها امتى؟)

✔️ Past habits (عادات قديمة)

I used to wake up early.

✔️ Past states (حالات قديمة)

He used to be shy.

---

⚠️ Important Notes (ملاحظات مهمة):

🔸 لا نستخدمها للمضارع
❌ I use to play
✔️ I used to play

🔸 بعد didn’t و did نرجع الفعل للأصل اللي هو مصدر الفعل ( يعني بدون اضافه )
✔️ use (مش used)

---

🎯 Compare (مقارنة):

🟢 Used to = حاجة كانت زمان واتغيرت

I used to drink milk (but now I don’t)

Follow for more ✅ ❤️

شرح possessive adjectives بطريقة مبسطه مع مجموعه بسيطه من الاسئله❤️✨
Follow for more ✅