Radiology Informations

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●Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) refers to a narrowing of the aortic lumen.
▪︎The figure 3 sign is seen in aortic coarctation and is formed by prestenotic dilatation of the aortic arch and left subclavian artery, indentation at the coarctation site (also known as the "tuck"), and post-stenotic dilatation of the descending aorta.
▪︎Coarctations account for between 5-8% of all congenital heart defects

●CLINICAL PRESENTATION
▪︎Varies accordingly to the degree of stenosis and the associated abnormalities. Patients may be asymptomatic in a setting of non-severe stenosis.

▪︎Children and adults can present with angina pectoris and leg claudication. On clinical examination, diminished femoral pulses and differential blood pressure between upper and lower extremities may be noted.

●COMPLICATIONS
▪︎subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured berry aneurysm
▪︎aortic dissection
▪︎infective endocarditis: in the context of an added infective insult
▪︎mycotic aneurysm: in the context of an added infective insult
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