Learning never ends

21 HABITS THAT TURN BOYS INTO MEN:..✍️

1. Responsibility:
Take responsibility for your actions & be accountable for your mistakes.

2. Respect:
Show respect for yourself & others, including those who are different from you.

3. Honesty:
Be honest in your words & actions.

4. Empathy:
Try to understand and relate to the feelings and experiences of others.

5. Self-control:
Practice selt-control and resist negative impulses.

6. Perseverance:
Keep working hard and don't give up, even when things get tough.

7. Initiative:
Take initiative and be proactive in your goals and responsibilities.

8. Time management:
Use your time wisely and efficiently.

9. Good communication:
Communicate clearly & effectively with others.

10. Problem-solving:
Use critical thinking and problem-solving skills to overcome challenges.

11. Resourcefulness:
Use your resources and skills effectively to get things done.

12. Independence:
Develop independence and self-reliance.

13. Interdependence:
Recognize the importance of teamwork and interdependence with others.

14. Creativity:
Use your creativity and imagination to come up with new ideas and Solutions.

15. Adaptability:
Be flexible & adaptable to change.

16. Leadership:
Develop leadership skills and the ability to inspire and guide others.

17. Emotional intelligence:
Develop your emotional intelligence and the ability to understand and manage your own emotions and those of others.

18. Confidence:
Believe in yourself and your abilities.

19. Courage:
Be brave and stand up for what you believe in.

20. Humility:
Be humble and open to learning and growth.

21. Gratitude:
Practice gratitude and appreciate what you have.

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7 NIGERIAN PEPPERSOUP SPICES

1. Calabash Nutmeg
Other names: African nutmeg

Botanical name: Monodora Myristica

Local Names: Erhe – Urhobo; Iwo – Itsekiri; Ehuru – Igbo; Ariwo – Yoruba; Gujiya dan miya – Hausa; Ukposa – Bini

Consists of: Shell and seed

Parts Used: Seed

Uses: condiment in soups, combined to make spice blends for peppersoup

2. Gbafilo
Other names: Rough-skinned/ Grey/ Guinea plum

Botanical name: Chrysobalanus icaco

Local Names: Gbafilo/ Gbafilor– Itsekiri And out of interest, in Brazil, it is known as Grageru or Abageru

Consists of: Sandpaper like shell and kernel

Parts Used: kernel

Uses: condiment in soups, combined to make spice blends for peppersoup

3. Grains of Selim
The fruits are narrow, slightly torulose, dark brown or black, about 2in. long, borne many (separate carpels) together on a stout peduncle (The Useful Plants of West Africa)

Other names: African/ Guinea/ Ethiopian Pepper

Botanical name: Xylopia Aethiopica

Local Names: Urheri – Urhobo; Unien – Bini; Atta – Ibibio/Efik; Uda – Igbo; Eeru – Yoruba

Consists of: Skin and seeds. The seeds are bitter

Parts Used: both – the skin is used more often, ground and added to soups or bruised and used whole

Uses: condiment in soups, combined to make spice blends for peppersoup, added to agbo (bitters), put in water to purify it, added to palm wine as a flavourer.

4. Uziza
Other names: Bush Pepper, Guinea cubebs, West African Black Peppers

Botanical name: Piper Guineense

Local Names: Edusa – Ibibio; Eti-nkeni – Efik; Uziza – Igbo; Iyere – Yoruba

Consists of: Dried black berries

Uses: condiment used in soups, rice, etc

5. Alligator Pepper
Other names: Grains of Paradise

Botanical name: Aframomum Melegueta

Local Names: Ehie ado – Bini; Ntuen – Efik; Ose oji/ okwa – Igbo; Oburo – Yoruba

Consists of: Skin and seeds. The seeds are aromatic and pungent, with some strains of cardamom flavour

Parts Used: the seeds are ground and added to soups, stews; also chewed with kolanuts