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Waec Chemistry Practical Questions and Answer!!


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COMPLETED

*WAEC DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY (PAPER 2 – ESSAY)*
*COMPLETE ANSWERS – QUESTIONS 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5*

===========================================================

*QUESTION 1: LOGIC GATES (Figure 1)*

Assuming Figure 1 shows:
- A and B go into an AND gate → output = X
- C and D go into an OR gate → output = Y
- X and Y go into an AND gate → output = Z

*(a) State the:*

(i) Logic operation between A and B: AND operation

(ii) Logic operation between C and D: OR operation

(iii) Logic equation for Z:
Let X = A · B
Let Y = C + D
Then Z = X · Y = (A · B) · (C + D)

*Answer: Z = AB · (C + D)*

*(b) Draw the logic device to invert output of C and D:*

NOT gate (Inverter)

Diagram:
C ---|>o--- NOT C
D ---|>o--- NOT D

*(c) Complete the truth table (Table 1)*

+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+
| S/N | A | B | C | D | A·B | A·B' | C + D | Z |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+

*Note: A·B' means (A AND NOT B). If NOT is not available, ignore that column.*

===========================================================

*QUESTION 2: INTERNET & NETWORKING*

*(a) Define the term internet:*

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers that communicate using standardized protocols (TCP/IP) to share information and resources worldwide.

*(b) Differences between intranet and extranet (Table 2)*

+------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Intranet | Extranet |
+------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| (i) Private network within an organization | (i) Extends intranet to authorized outsiders |
| (ii) Accessible only to employees | (ii) Accessible to partners, suppliers, clients |
+------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

*(c) Full meaning of acronyms:*

(i) HTTP = HyperText Transfer Protocol

(ii) IP = Internet Protocol

(iii) LAN = Local Area Network

(iv) TCP = Transmission Control Protocol

*(d) Two examples of Internet Protocol:*

1. IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4)

2. IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)

===========================================================

*QUESTION 3: REGISTERS & MEMORY*

*(a) Define the term Register:*

A register is a small, high-speed storage location inside the CPU that temporarily holds data, instructions, or addresses during processing.

*(b) One example of:*

(i) Special purpose register: Program Counter (PC) or Instruction Register (IR)

(ii) General purpose register: Accumulator (ACC) or Data Register (DR)

*(c) One difference between special and general purpose register:*

+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Special purpose register | General purpose register |
+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Has a fixed, dedicated function (e.g., PC)| Can be used for multiple purposes (e.g., storing data) |
+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+

*(d) Two differences between register and main memory (Table 3)*

+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Register | Main Memory |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| (i) Located inside the CPU | (i) Located outside the CPU (on motherboard) |
| (ii) Very small capacity (bytes)| (ii) Large capacity (GB to TB) |
| (iii) Extremely fast access | (iii) Slower access than registers |
| (iv) Holds temporary data | (iv) Holds programs and data long-term |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+

*Answer any two rows for (i) and (ii).*

===========================================================

*QUESTION 4: FLOWCHART SYMBOLS*

*(a) Identify the symbols (typical WAEC diagram)*

+-------------------+----------------------+
| Symbol (typical) | Name |
+-------------------+----------------------+
| (i) Oval | Terminal (Start/Stop)|
| (ii) Parallelogram| Input / Output |
| (iii) Rectangle | Process / Instruction|
| (iv) Diamond | Decision |
| (v) Flow line (arrow)| Flow line / Connector|
+-------------------+----------------------+

*(b) One use of each symbol*

+-------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Symbol | One use |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Terminal | Indicates start or end of a program |
| Input/Output | Reading data or displaying results |
| Process | Performing calculations or assignments |
| Decision | Yes/No branching (conditional test) |
| Flow line | Shows direction of flow between symbols |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------+

===========================================================

*QUESTION 5: SOFTWARE & EDITING MODES*

*(a) What is an integrated software package?*

An integrated software package is a single application that contains multiple functional modules (word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation graphics) sharing a common user interface and data format.

Example: Microsoft Works, AppleWorks, Lotus SmartSuite.

*(b) Explain EXT and OVR mode in spreadsheet text entry:*

+------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Mode | Usage |
+------+--------------------------------------------------+
| EXT | Extend mode – extends cell selection using arrow|
| | keys without holding Shift (press F8 to toggle) |
| OVR | Overtype mode – new characters replace existing |
| | ones at cursor position (press Insert to toggle)|
+------+--------------------------------------------------+

*(c) Two modes used in editing text in a Word processor:*

1. Insert mode – new text is inserted, pushing existing text forward

2. Overtype (OVR) mode – new text replaces existing characters

===========================================================

*END OF ANSWERS*

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